ABSTRACT
The living standards of public toilet cleaning workers constitute an important yet relatively underexplored dimension of urban sanitation and inclusive development. This study examines the major socio-economic, occupational, and institutional factors influencing the living standards of public toilet cleaning workers. It focuses on variables such as income, employment security, housing conditions, education, healthcare access, occupational safety, working conditions, social security benefits, sanitation facilities, and social recognition. The study also considers how irregular wages, hazardous work environments, limited protective equipment, and social stigma may affect workers’ overall quality of life. Using a descriptive and analytical research approach, the study seeks to assess workers’ existing living conditions and identify the factors contributing to economic and social vulnerability. The findings are expected to provide insights into the relationship between employment conditions and living standards. The study highlights the need for improved wages, occupational protection, welfare coverage, healthcare support, and dignified working conditions for sanitation workers.
Keywords: Public Toilet Cleaning Workers, Living Standards, Sanitation Workers, Working Conditions, Occupational Safety, Socio-Economic Factors, Social Security, Quality of Life
