International Journal of Marketing & Financial Management
Print ISSN : 2349 –2546
Online ISSN : 2348 –3954
Frequency : Half Yearly
Current Issue : Volume 14 , Issue 1
2026
Dr. Sanjib Kumar Hota, Shibani Sharma
Dr. Sanjib Kumar Hota, Madhusudan Institute of Cooperative Management, Bhubaneswar-751012, Odisha
Shibani Sharma, Research Scholar, Department of Business Administration, Sambalpur University
DOI : https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20559438 Page No : 209-219
Published Online : 2026-06-05
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ABSTRACT
Primary Agricultural Cooperative Society (PACS) dealing with mainly the agricultural credit plays a vital role in rural credit delivery and agricultural development in India. An attempt has been made in this study compares the financial performance of the PACSs (Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies) located in different blocks of irrigated and non-irrigated area in Bargarh district of Odisha state by applying the CAMEL framework. The Secondary sources of data from ten selected PACS (five irrigated and five non-irrigated) for the period 2019–20 to 2023–24 were considered for analyzing the capital adequacy, asset quality, management efficiency, earnings quality, and liquidity.The findings indicate that the PACSs located in irrigated area perform significantly better in terms of capital strength, profitability, operational efficiency, and fund management than that of PACSs located in non-irrigated area. It is also observed that PACSs in non-irrigated area exhibit greater dependence on external borrowings and higher liquidity risks. However, no significant differences were observed in asset quality and short-term liquidity indicators. The study concludes that irrigation facilities positively influence the financial sustainability and overall performance of PACS. Strengthening irrigation access and managerial efficiency can enhance the resilience of PACS in non-irrigated areas.
Keywords: PACS, CAMEL Framework, Financial Performance, Irrigation, Operational Efficiency
