This paper examines women's experiences of workplace sexual harassment in India, with particular attention to its causes, consequences and barriers to reporting. A quantitative multicentric study of 601 female healthcare workers from different industries found that 50.7% experienced workplace sexual harassment during the previous 12 months when a behavioral measure was used, compared with only 7.2% who self-identified as having been sexually harassed. Only 17.4% of women who experienced harassment reported incidents to authorities. The findings demonstrate a substantial gap between the occurrence or behavioral recognition of harassment and formal reporting. The paper discusses hierarchical workplace structures, gender inequality, normalization of inappropriate conduct, fear of retaliation, reputational concerns, lack of trust in institutional procedures and insufficient awareness of complaint processes as factors that can suppress reporting.
Keywords: workplace sexual harassment, women workers, India, POSH Act, reporting barriers, gender inequality, workplace safety, quantitative research